Microbial plankton form the productive base of both marine and freshwater ecosystems and are key drivers of global biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nutrients. 3Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany.2Oceanography, Research & Development, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Gothenburg, Sweden.1Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Gene Technology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.Hu 1, Bengt Karlson 2, Sophie Charvet 3 and Anders F.